Stainless steel is the common name for a number of different alloys used in corrosive environments. It contains a high percentage of nickel and chromium, enhancing its ability to be formed and welded easily into any shape along with providing great strength and resistance to corrosion. Stainless is used to keep food surfaces and medical devices safe of microbes as it is selfrepairing with its chromium oxide film. Austenitic structure has good creep resistance and good oxidation resistance which make them useful at elevated temperatures. The subgroup a4 grades, frequently called the 6% mo grades and including al6xn, 1925 hmo, 256mo, and 254 smo, were designed originally to resist localized corrosion in seawater at nearambient temperatures and in pulp bleach plant environments. They develop their high strength and hardness through a variety of heat treatments resulting in a very high strengthtoweight ratio. These grades contain different contents of cr, ni, c, n, ti and mo all affecting the machining behavior. Outokumpu produces these grades as both rolled and forged billets, making us the perfect supplier for your forgings such as flanges, fittings and valves. There are three primary classifications within the highperformance stainless steels. Nitrogen added to these alloys improves the mechanical properties of low carbon grades of austenitic stainless steels.
Please contact us for mechanical properties if en, astm, or aisi specification is required. Austenitic stainless steels possess austenite as their primary crystalline structure. Part i preliminary results weldability is equivalent to or better than that of unmodified 300 series austenitic stainless steels by c. H for a high carbon steel with improved high temperature strength for use in creep applications. The high strengths of this grade of steel in the six available conditions or tempers, its resistance to atmosphere corrosion and its. Nace sp0292 provides a specification for installing corrosion resistant sheet linings less welding for larger sheets 10 x 5 quicker to install vs overlay in a digester less maintenance than tile lined towers duplex stainless steel linings. This paper evaluates the hot ductility and susceptibility to hot cracking. This austenite crystalline structure is achieved by sufficient additions of the. The relatively new austeniticferritic duplex stainless steel grades will be compared to the standard austenitic grades 1. This compilation of stainless steel grade datasheets has been produced by atlas steels technical department as. The most common and wellknown types of stainless steel are the austenitic stainless steels asss 1. Well known stainless steel as well, with very high corrosion resistance, it is usually reserved to very aggressive chloride environment such as swimming pools or seawater applications. This publication is being made available in pdf format as a benefit to members and.
For this summary we have chosen to focus on just four major themes of the. Foodstuffs naval industry and engineering structures s31653 s31635 s31700 s31661 comply to general metalworking and welding nenen approved types of austenitic stainless steel 316 grade pressure equipment directory en 100287ad2000w2. The 3xx may followed by a letter that gives more information about the specific alloy as shown in the table. The particular application for which stainless steel will be used determines the type and grade of stainless steel. Nevertheless, more recently developed pressure vessel codes. The austenitic group contains more grades, that are used in greater quantities, than any other category of stainless steel. Due to their crystalline structure, austenitic steels are not har. Tables of technical properties international stainless steel.
Weldability evaluations of modified 316 and 347 austenitic stainless steels. While low carbon prevents sensitization, stabilized grades may still be preferred for special applica. Steel are suppliers of austenitic stainless steel round bar, flat bar and plate plasma cut. Precipitation hardening stainless steels stainless steel. Common austenitic stainless steel grades and their applications common name uns no forms available c cr ni mo ti other typical applications 301 s30100 sheet, coil 0. Stainless steels may be classified by their crystalline structure into four main types. They are extremely formable and weldable, and they can be successfully used from cryogenic temperatures to the redhot temperatures of furnaces and jet engines. The most widely used stainless grades are the austenitic 189 type steels, i. Stainless steel in the brewery mbaa tq volume 38, number 2 2001 69 stainless steel classification there are five classes of stainless steel.
Stainless steel grades shaw stainless shaw stainless. Asss are used in various industrial applications, including bulk materialhandling equipment. Marketing claims continue to swirl around series 300 stainless steel in the evaporative cooling industry. Austenitic steel is a type of stainless steel that contains austenite. They are corrosion resistant, but less durable than austenitic grades. Specifications supplied include precipitation hardening, duplex, super duplex, austenitic and martensitic. Reference is often made to stainless steel in the singular sense as if it were one material. Austenitic steel can also be used in cryogenic applications and in annealed condition it is the only nonmagnetic steel. Austenitic stainless steel specifications are supplied in a large range conforming to british, european, american and international standards. High performance austenitic and duplex stainless steels are best. Well known stainless steel as well, with very high corrosion resistance, it is usually reserved to very aggressive. This particular alloy is generally considered to have poorer weldability to the most common alloy of this stainless class, type 304l stainless steel. The machinability for the different standard austenitic stainless steel grades are shown in the graph below. Introduction to stainless steels asm international.
N for a nitrogen bearing steel where a higher tensile strength than a conventional. They are the austenitic, ferritic, and duplex austeniticferritic families. Its heat resistance is lower than that of austenitic steel. Petroleum engineers steel products manualstainless and heat. The high strengths of this grade of steel in the six available conditions or tempers, its resistance to atmosphere corrosion and its bright, attractive surface make it an excellent choice for decorative structural applications.
Note 1carbon steel castings for pressurecontaining parts are covered by speci. Within each of these groups, there are several grades of stainless steel defined. This type is the most popular and favorable metal for industrial purposes. West yorkshire steel also supply high alloyed austenitic grades such as s31254 and 904l. Austenitic stainless steel is a specific type of stainless steel alloy. Three general classifications are used to identify stainless steels. They are named according to how their microstructure resembles a. Type 301 s30100 is an austenitic stainless steel with a nominal composition of 17% chromium and 7% nickel. In hightemperature applications, this leads to demonstrably lower tensioning. Compared to regular steel, stainless does not easily corrode, rust, or stain making stainless steels ideal if. Many duplex stainless steel grades are offered today, partly as a result of patents, partly because new grades are needed to meet new requirements, particularly for use in the oil and gas industry.
Austenitic stainless steel grades austenitic stainless steels are classified in the 200 and 300 series, with 16% to 30% chromium and 2% to 20% nickel for enhanced surface quality, formability, increased corrosion and wear resistance. Duplex steels, consisting of mixture of ferrite and austenite. The addition of carbon and nitrogen directly impact the strength of stainless steel. Stainless eu material safety data sheet 1200158ec european directive 200053ec on endoflife vehicles we offer six types of austenitic stainless steel grade 304 1. Stainless steel flat products for building the grades in en 100884. Standard austenitic stainless steel grades machining guideline. Other elements like aluminum, titanium andor columbium can be added to stainless steel to increase the mechanical properties of stainless steel. Stainless steel grades are stocked in round bar, flat bar and plate plasma cut. Tables of technical properties of stainless steels flat products.
Taken from astm specifications for plate, sheet and strip when available or from company data sheets. The selection of the appropriate stainless steel grade for each application is the. Alloy 20 alloy 20 stainless steel is a superaustenitic stainless alloy developed for maximum corrosion resistance to sulfuric acid and other aggressive environments not suitable for typical austenitic grades. Precipitation hardening ph stainless steels are classified as martensitic or semiaustenitic. Stainless steel type 102austenitic general purpose stainless steel working for furniture 200 seriesaustenitic chromiumnickelmanganese alloys type 201austenitic that is hardenable through cold working type 202austenitic general purpose stainless steel 300 seriesaustenitic chromiumnickel alloys. Stainless steel in the brewery new mexico state university. Used in a broad range of industries, type 304 stainless steel is the most widely used of all stainless steels. Duplex stainless steel austeniticferrite duplex stainless steels have high strength. High alloy high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel may also be an interesting alternative to duplex grades with comparable allowable design stresses. Stainless steel stockholders and suppliers, delivering to the whole of the uk. Used where the high workhardening exponent is desirable. Austenitic stainless steels summary austenitic stainless steels are the most common and familiar types of stainless steel. It is a complete revision of the design manual for structural stainless steel, which was prepared by the steel construction institute between 1989 and 1992 and published by euro inox in 1994. The graph the graph shows the machinability of standard austenitic stainless steels in relation % to 4307.
L is for a low carbon austenitic stainless steel for use in an aggressive corrosive environment. At atlantic stainless, we offer highquality austenitic, martensitic, and ferritic stainless steel grades that are available in a range of forms, grades, finishes, gauges, widths, and lengths. Wide selection of austenitic and ferritic stainless steel. Heataffected zone liquation cracking in austenitic and. Ferritic stainless steels with highest cr content, showing excellent. Chemical composition of high performance austenitic stainless steels and representative standard grades wt. Weldability evaluations of modified 316 and 347 austenitic. Well known stainless steel grade, very close to the 201 grade but with lower mechanical properties. A selection of commonly used steel grades for forgings is listed in table 1. Austenitic stainless steels possess austenite as their primary crystalline structure facecentered cubic. European directive 200053ec on endoflife vehicles and later modifications. This new edition takes into account advances in understanding in the structural behaviour. Stainless steel steel properties ferritic chromium molybdenum steel generally features lower elongation and corrosion resistance than austenitic crni mo steel.
474 1234 1378 1536 455 1268 84 365 1018 370 205 559 1584 1369 549 1365 333 603 781 991 351 550 228 1278 834 172 751 532 637 871 363 1024 1401 897 109 1340 1323 793 1146 504 747